In my case, I am always prepared to stand in line, because there is what there is, but it is not enough for everyone.
Pregnancy in Cuba is lived with a lot of stress
Rita, a 30-year-old woman, resident in Havana. Primary school teacher.
Can you describe your state of health?
My state of health is favorable, I consider myself a very healthy person, I have no bad habits and I have always taken care of my physical health through exercises. I am currently pregnant with 38 weeks of gestation.
How long have you been presenting this status?
I debuted with gestational diabetes, at 16 weeks pregnant. I am currently on term.
Has your condition been enhanced or aggravated by eating conditions? Can you describe to us in what way or way?
Yes, during the pregnancy I have had difficulties to maintain an adequate weight, hemoglobin, diet in general.After the detection of diabetes, everything became much more complicated, the products that I need are not only expensive, but sometimes they do not appear, even with the money in hand.
Do you need any specific food for your condition? Which?
Yeah, I can't really control my condition with medication, so basically it all depends on my diet.I need milk, which, although they assigned me an amount per diet, they give it to me at the end of the month, almost always and it is not enough, in the absence of other foods I must consume milk, one kilogram a month is not enough. There is the issue of yogurt, which is also important, the bag on the street is more than 100 pesos, when you add to that the meat you need, fruits, vegetables,Your life goes to feed yourself, nothing more.
Does this food represent an additional cost in your food expenses? What alternative ways or channels do you use to “solve” it?
I have to look for most of the products I need to feed myself in freely convertible currency stores or the black market, both ways are extremely expensive.
Does this diet need additional exercises in its preparation that you could describe?
Yes, low-fat foods, little salt, it is important to take into account that during pregnancy you must also take care of the risks of hypertension.
What regulated foods (from the notebook) do you receive to cover the needs of your condition?
Milk per diet, one lb. of chicken. Pregnant women are given special diets that are renewed every trimester, however,They gave it to me completely, without the need to renew it, because since the food from the diet is not entering, there is no need to renew it
Do you consider that you have access to what is necessary to cover a balanced diet according to the needs of your condition? Otherwise, what products do you consider essential for your diet and are difficult to acquire?
No, during the pregnancy I have not been able to eat, for example, fish or beef, some have even recommended horse meat, which is very good for hemoglobin, but is illegal here. Nor have I been able to consume dairy products, or lentils, for example.
Do you suffer from anxiety or concern about the food supply necessary for your health?
Yes, the truth is that the pregnancy process in Cuba is lived with a lot of stress, although everything is going well genetically, there is a lot of pressure from the family doctors.Eating is essential, in Cuba la
tomato, mayonnaise, snack paste. They make you believe that you have a choice, but you don't. In the end you sacrifice yourself to minimize yourself with what there is and not with and not with what you want, that's where half of my expenses go because you buy minced beef, some cans of pressed meat, all of that with prices that are extremely expensive, I say they are punishing prices. Finally, I do not receive work incentives because I am, as I told you, a self-employed worker.
The black market before COVID-19 was the main way to acquire everything, now it is avoided to the point of hunger and need because it is extremely expensive
Due to the shortage during COVID, there are some stores that were formerly establishments in CUC, which today have become in national currency (MN), there the State assigns you some essential products that could be used if they were not restricted, I'm talking about chicken, sausages and normado mincemeat. They give it in a very controlled way using the supply book and in insufficient quantities. Now you can visit those stores to purchase them once a month. They started weekly, they continued fortnightly and now it is once a month, the sacrifice to access the products due to the queues is sub-real, but with the purchases in those stores the majority subsists, in my case it is 15% of my expenses .
How many hours do you spend searching for and buying these foods?
The search and purchase of food is the main task of any Cuban, from those who have the least to those who have the most. In my case, I am always prepared to stand in line, because there is what there is, but it is not enough for everyone. Almost every day I do something related to the search for food, I am not always successful, when I go to the stores in national currency it is almost all day, just like those in freely convertible currency (MLC). In the agro-markets you invest less time, but you still spend a couple of hours in them.
Do you use social networks to find out about supplies and prices in your area, for example, via Facebook or Telegram or WhatsApp groups?
No, I do not use networks for this purpose.
If you had to divide your diet, how would you describe your intake of animal protein, vegetable protein, carbohydrates? For example, how many times a week do you eat fish, red meat, white meat, dairy products, eggs, vegetables?
Almost always chicken from regulated stores, you stretch it and it's like a rubber band, you eat it almost every day. I eat so little fish that I can almost say never. Red meat almost the same, last month I bought two tubes of ground beef, very good quality, in MLC, very expensive, two meals for three people per tube. That is the beef I have eaten in the last two or three months. I have access to eggs because 10 per person come to the cellar monthly. About milk, milk is not sold here, only medical diets, which have already been removed until further notice, and pregnant women and children under seven years of age have a milk allowance. I drink milk when I can buy it outside and it is very, very expensive. The vegetables, you find them in the particular agritos [small private agro-market stalls] and they are priceless. Onion, garlic and tomato are only available to big pockets. Perhaps what I buy the most is cucumber, avocado… there are no other types of vegetables.
Do you consider that your family has enough intake of healthy food for its normal development?
No, not at all, we are eating what we can, when we can, carbohydrates and sugar are what keep us going.
Do you consider that in your family there are diseases related to the lack of nutrients or an unhealthy diet?
We are a very strong race, even bread with rubble nourishes us, so if we are sick with a shortage of nutrients, which is almost total, we don't even notice it.
Do you consider that, when shopping, you must decide between one basic food or another? Do you think you are buying food at a fair price?
The problem is not that you decide between one and the other, the problem is that you buy the one that exists. I have never been in that dilemma because there is no variety. It depends on what is meant by justice, I would say that food is far above purchasing power, that could be said to be unfair
Have your food preferences changed in the last two years? How?
I love to eat, it's the greatest of pleasures from my point of view, a pork escalope, a kidney, roast pork and chicken in sauce with potatoes, tuna, a good steak, mixed salads, that I must not have forgotten to make… the ice cream, the malt soda, the sweets. But I am a man who has adapted since I was a child, I remember when I was on scholarship that I made a drink with water and some candies inside the container. Now I am not telling you not to drink an imported beer, a Kermato [non-alcoholic drink based on tomato juice, clams and spices], a carbonated soft drink, not to eat a delicious barbecue one day, but it is sacrificed [he pronounces it high and lengthening the syllables]. I love sugar water, which sucks, but it helps to stave off hunger sometimes. Sometimes I eat chicken mince, which I don't like, sometimes I eat a little more bread, which isn't bad for sustaining, which I don't like, but I have no other choice.
What commodities do you find only or most often through the black market?
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